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Title
World Bank - Appropriate Sanitation Alternatives:
A Planning and Design Manual
Abstract
Despite the impressive levels of economic growth
the developing countries as a whole have achieved
over the past quarter century, most of the people in
these countries do not have a safe water supply or
even rudimentary sanitation. Immediate investment
costs for providing these services at the standards
which prevail in developed countries are estimated
at ovr $800,000 million. Corresponding operating
costs are projected at another $10,000 million per
year. These amounts vastly exceed the resources
available for the sector. To help address this problem
a two-year research project to develop more appropriate (i.e. lower cost) technologies for water supply
and waste disposal was undertaken by the World
Bank in 1976-1978. Meanwhile, the member countries of the United Nations have declared the 1980s
to be the International Drinking Water Supply and
Sanitation Decade, with the objective of satisfying
for all populations of the globe two of the most basic
human needs-clean water and the sanitary disposal
of human wastes.
This is the second of a series of volumes which
document the Bank’s research findings. Based on
case studies in thirty-nine communities around the
world, it presents to project engineers, analysts, and
technicians a planning and design manual for the
many sanitation options which are available and appropriate to developing country conditions. Other
volumes in the series include a technical and economic assessment of these sanitation options to plan-
ning officials and senior policy advisors, and a compilation and synthesis of health and disease factors
in sanitation system planning and implernentation.
Their publication is particularly timely at the beginning of this decade. More important, if the twin objectives of economic growth and the eradication of
absolute poverty are to be inet, the nations of the
world must ensure that everyone has access to safe
water and adequate sanitation. It is to the sanitation
objective that this volume is dedicated.
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